W.B.C.S. Main 2018 Question Answer – Zoology – National Parks and Biosphere Reserves.

WBCS  ২০১৮ মেইনস   প্রশ্নের উত্তর – প্রাণীবিদ্যা – জাতীয় উদ্যান এবং বায়োস্পিয়ার রিজার্ভগুলি।

Characteristics of National Park

1. Reserve area of land, owned by the government.Continue Reading W.B.C.S. Main 2018 Question Answer – Zoology – National Parks and Biosphere Reserves.

2. Area is protected from human exploitation, industrialization and pollution.

3. No cutting, Grazing allowed, Outside Species Allowed

4. It came under the category called “Protected Areas”. The Protected Areas are declared under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

5. Conservation of ‘wild nature’ for posterity and as a symbol of national pride.

6. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and its World Commission on Protected Areas, has defined  its Category II type of protected areas.

National Parks in India

Andaman and Nicobar lslands 1. Campbell

2. Galathea

3. Mahatma Gandhi Marine

4. Middle Button Island

5. Mount Harriet

6. North Button Island

7. Rani Jhansi Marine

8. Saddle Peak

9. South Button Island

Andhra Pradesh

 1. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy

2. Mahaveer Harina Vanasthal

3. Mrugavani

4. Sri Venkataeswara

Arunachal Pradesh

 1. Mouling

2. Namdapha

Assam

 1. Dibru-Saikhowa

2. Kaziranga

3. Manas

4. Nameri

5. Orang

Bihar

 Valmikinagar

Chhattisgarh

 1. Indravati

2. Kangerghati

3. Sanjay

Goa

 Mollen

Gujarat

 1. Bansda

2. Gir

3. Marine (Gulf of Kachchh)

4. Blackbuck

Haryana

 Sultanpur

Himachal Pradesh

 1. Great Himalayan

2. Pin Valley

Jammu and Kashmir

 1. City Forest (Salim Ali)

2. Dachigam

3. Hemis

4. Kistwar

Jharkhand

 Betla

Karnataka

 1. Anshi

2. Bandipur

3. Bannerghatta

4. Kudremukh

5. Nagarahole

Kerala

 1. Eravikulam

2. Periyar

3. Silent Valley

Madhya Pradesh

 1. Bandhavagarh

2. Fossil

3. Kanha

4. Madhav

5. Panna

6. Pench (Priyadarshini)

7. Sanjay

8. Satpur

9. Van Vihar

Manipur

 Keibul-Lamjao

Maharashtra

 1. Gugamal

2. Nawegaon

3. Pench

4. Sanjay Gandhi (Borivilli)

5. Tadoba

Meghalaya

 1. Balphakram

2. Nokrek Ridge

Mizoram

 1. Murlen

2. Phawngpui Blue Mountain

Nagaland

 Intanki

Odisha

 1. Bhitarkanika

2. Similipal

Rajasthan

 1. Desert

2. Keoladeo Ghana

3. Ranthambore

4. Sariska

Sikkim

 Khangchendzonga  (Kanchenjunga)

Tamil Nadu

 1. Guindy

2. Gulf of Mannar Marine

3. Indira Gandhi (Annamalai)

4. Mudumalai

5. Mukurthi

Uttarakhand

 1. Corbett

2. Gangotri

3. Gobind

4. Nanda Devi

5. Rajaji

6. Valley of Flowers (Phoolon ki Ghati)

Uttar Pradesh

 Dudhwa

West Bengal

 1. Buxa

2. Gorumara

3. Neora Valley

4. Singhlila

5. Sunderbans

Biosphere Reserves

The International Co-ordinating Council (ICC) of UNESCO designated of ‘Biosphere reserve’ for natural areas from November, 1971. There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in India.

Characteristics of Biosphere Reserve

1. Notified areas which cover a larger area of land which may cover multiple National Parks, Sanctuaries and reserves as well.

2. Areas are meant for conservation of biodiversity of a specific area.

3. Three areas: Core, Buffer & Marginal. No outside Species allowed Conservation & research purpose.

4. It is internationally recognized within the framework of UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) programme and nominated by national governments.

5. The Ministry of Environment and Forest provides financial assistance to the respective State governments for conservation of landscape and biological diversity and cultural heritage.

Conservation of biodiversity is an essential part of the environment.  By conservation, we do not mean preservation, but conservation means the utilization of natural sources in such a way that they are not allowed to destroy. The maintenance of species and ecosystems is a keystone sustainable development. Conservation of biodiversity includes all human efforts to preserve wildlife and plants from extinction as well as wise management of wildlife, plants and their environment.

Biosphere Reserves in India

1. Achankamar- Amarkantak

Location: Covers parts of Anupur and Dindori districts of Madhya Pradesh and parts Bilaspur districts of Chhattisgarh.

2. Agasthyamalai

Location:  Neyyyar, Peppara and Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuaries and their adjoining areas in Kerala.

3. Cold Desert

Location: Pin Valley National Park and surroundings; Chandratal and Sarchu & Kibber Wildlife in Himachal Pradesh.

4. Dehang- Debang

Location: Part of Siang and Dibang Valley in Arunachal Pradesh.

5. Dibru- Saikhowa

Location: Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia Districts (Assam)

6. Great Nicobar

Location: Southern most islands of Andaman & Nicobar.

7. Gulf of Mannar

Location: Indian part of Gulf of Mannar between India and Srilanka (Tamil Nadu)

8. Kachchh

Location: Part of Katchchh, Rajkot, Surendra Nagar and Patan Civil Districts of Gujarat State.

9. Khang Chendzonga

Location: Parts of Khang Chenzonga hills and Sikkim.

10. Manas

Location:  Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamprup and Daran districts (Assam)

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