Chemistry – Synthetic Fibres And Plastics – Notes For W.B.C.S. Examination.
রসায়ন – সিন্থেটিক ফাইবারস এবং প্লাস্টিক – WBCS পরীক্ষার নোট ।
Introduction
- The clothes that we wear are made up of fabrics and the fabrics are made from fibers, which is obtained from natural or artificial sources.Continue Reading Chemistry – Synthetic Fibres And Plastics – Notes For W.B.C.S. Examination.
- The natural source of fibers is cotton, wool, silk, etc., which are obtained from plants or animals.
- The synthetic fibers are made by human beings; therefore, these are called synthetic or man-made fibers.
- A synthetic fiber is usually a chain of small units those joined together; each small unit is a chemical substance.
Types of Synthetic Fibers
- The artificial silk is usually known as Rayon.
- Rayon (fiber) was obtained by chemical treatment of wood pulp.
- The fiber, prepared from coal, water and air, is known as Nylon.
- Nylon was the first fully synthetic fiber.
- Polyester is also a synthetic fiber; it is wrinkle free fiber. E.g. Terylene.
- PET is one of the familiar form of polyesters and it is used for making utensils, bottles, films, wires, and many other useful products.
- Polyester (Poly + ester) is made up of the repeating units of a chemical known as an ester.
- Plastic is also a sort of polymer like the synthetic fiber.
- Polythene (Poly + ethene) is a common example of a plastic.
- There are some plastics, which when molded once, cannot be softened by heating; therefore, these are known as thermosetting plastics. E.g. Bakelite and melamine.
- Bakelite is a poor conductor of heat and electricity; therefore, it is used in making electrical switches, handles of various utensils, etc.
- Melamine resists fire and can tolerate heat better than other plastics; therefore, it is used for making floor tiles, kitchenware, and fabrics.
- A material, which gets decomposed through the natural processes, e.g. action by bacteria, is known as biodegradable.
- A material, which cannot be easily decomposed by natural processes, is known as non-biodegradable.
- Plastic is not an environment friendly.
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